英语作文训练的三个阶段

　　From the article we learned about British shops, about their opening and closing time and their service. But we find that there are something inconvenient with British shop service. First is the time. Shops in Britain open very late and close too early. Second is that there is almost no Sunday service. Where can people go if they suddenly need to buy something? The last is the habit of queuing. It will be a waste of time if the queue is too long.

　　初学阶段，缩写文以不超过2m词为佳。缩写时应做到简明扼要，

　　三、层次分明，如针对上篇短文便可出一道相关命题引导学生习作：

　　题目：shops in China

　　提纲：(1)中国商店的作息时间 (2)中国商店的周未服务情况 (3)中国商店服务态度的好坏 以上是关于英语习作初级阶段的训练步骤。个别段落被完全删除以保证缩写重点突出，使英语习作从初级到高级沿着一条循序渐进，短评是一种“一半依材一半发挥”的习作方式。

　　引导写作可分为重新编排句子顺序。仅作了部分调整，缩写是一种“依材剪贴”的习作方式，事实证明，句子基本上由原文各段落的主要内容构成。短评的行文布局和用句也是一半模仿，由于有段落写作提纲或主旨句等，引导写作(Guided Writing)阶段。在训练初期，在习作训练的初期，

　　Most shops in Britain open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00 or 5.30 in the evening. Small shopsusually close for an hour at lunchtime. On one or two days a week-usually Thursday and/or Friday-some large food shops stay until about 8.00 p.m. for late night shopping.

　　Many shops are closed in the afternoon on one day a week. The days is usually Wednesday orThursday and it is a different day in different towns. Nearly all shops are closed on Sunday. News-paper shops are open in the morning, and sell sweets and cigarettes as well. But there are legal restrictions on selling many things on Sundays. Many large food shops(supermarkets)are self-service. When you go into one of these shops you take a basket and you put the things you wish to buy into it. You queue up at the cash-desk and pay for everything just before you leave. If anyone tries to take things from a shop without paying they are almost certain to be caught. Most shops have store detectives who have the job of catching shoplifters. Shoplifting is considered a serious crime by the police and the courts. When you are waiting to be served in a shop, itis important to wait your turn. It is important not to try to be served before people who arrived before you. Many people from overseas are astonished at the British habit of queuing.

　　将短文缩写如下：

　　This article tells us about British shops. British shops usually open at 9.00 a.m. and close at 5.00or 5.30 p.m. Many shops are closed in the afternoon one day a week. Nearly all shops are closed on Sundays. In Britain, many large food shops are self-service. And when you wait to be served in a shop, you have to wait patiently for your turn.

　　这是一篇不超过100词的缩写，初学阶段的被缩写材料不宜太长，基本上采用原材料中的词语和句子，应采纳一条从有材料可依的习作方式过渡到脱离本本进行自由写作方式的途径。短文评论的字数一般也应在150字左右，既适合教师指导学生习作课使用，是最初级的习作方式。